The Trump administration imposed new tariffs on imports from 60 countries, effective at 12:01 a.m. Friday, to penalize products made with forced labor. The tariffs, based on a months‑long investigation by the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, replace a temporary 10 percent import tax that expired Friday. The policy follows a Supreme Court decision in February that invalidated earlier “Liberation Day” tariffs. Nations without laws prohibiting forced‑labor goods, including China, the United Kingdom and Japan, will face a 12.5 percent levy, while countries with such laws, such as the European Union, will be subject to a 10 percent levy if enforcement is deemed insufficient. Exemptions apply to products covered by the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement and to oil and gas. Administration officials said the measure reflects a long‑standing opposition to involuntary labor and was required by law. Trade analysts noted the action mirrors the tariff framework struck down by the court earlier this year. Patrick Childress of Holland & Knight said the forced‑labor tariffs are only the beginning of broader trade actions. The president has also threatened 50 percent tariffs on Canadian goods and a 100 percent tariff on imported generic drugs, effective in two years. A second set of tariffs targeting nations that subsidize excess manufacturing capacity is expected later this month. Timothy Brightbill, a trade lawyer at Wiley Rein, said forced labor remains a human‑rights concern in global supply chains. The new measures are likely to affect trade flows and corporate planning as the administration continues to use tariff authority to pursue domestic manufacturing goals.