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Edition 2026-10-05

SCIENCE

Supernumerary Rainbows Observed After Hurricane Florence Remnants Over New Jersey

A photograph captured on October 4, 2026, shows multiple supernumerary rainbows forming over the Jersey Shore in New Jersey, USA, following the passage of Hurricane Florence's r...

By NASA · 18d ago · Source: NASA

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A photograph captured on October 4, 2026, shows multiple supernumerary rainbows forming over the Jersey Shore in New Jersey, USA, following the passage of Hurricane Florence's remnants in 2018. The image, taken by John Entwistle, depicts at least five distinct supernumerary arcs appearing simultaneously in the sky opposite the sun's position. These faint, pastel-colored bands emerged over a half-hour period as sunlight interacted with raindrops left by the storm.

Supernumerary rainbows occur when raindrops of nearly uniform size — typically under one millimeter in diameter — cause light waves to interfere with one another. This wave interference, similar to ripples spreading across a pond after a stone is dropped, produces the additional arcs beyond the standard primary rainbow. Their presence provided early 19th-century scientific evidence supporting the wave theory of light, as their formation cannot be explained by particle-based models of light propagation.

The phenomenon was documented by Entwistle during a family outing, with his daughter observing the colorful display. NASA's Astronomy Picture of the Day featured the photograph as part of its daily cosmic imagery series, highlighting the interaction between atmospheric conditions and optical physics. The event underscores how residual weather systems can create rare atmospheric optics opportunities, even in regions not typically associated with such displays.

Source transparency

Publisher
NASA
Reliability
high
Published
10/5/2026, 10:00:03 AM
Retrieved
10/5/2026, 10:00:03 AM
Relevance
80%
Confidence
85%
Read original at NASA

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