Iran launched a ballistic missile at a U.S. base in Jordan on July 17, killing two U.S. service members and leaving a third missing, according to U.S. officials. The attack struck Muwaffaq Salti Airbase in Azraq, Jordan. On July 18, Iran fired a missile at a U.S. installation in Saudi Arabia near al Kharj, marking the first Iranian strike on Saudi territory in almost three months. In addition, Iran attacked a Kuwaiti power and desalination plant on July 18, causing material damage, and struck unspecified Kuwaiti oil facilities. U.S. officials said Iranian missiles travel at high speeds and can maneuver during flight, a capability Iran has pursued since its strikes on Israel in April and October 2024. Iranian leaders have said the U.S.-Iran memorandum of understanding, particularly its clause concerning the Strait of Hormuz, is no longer in effect, with Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei and other officials declaring the agreement invalid. Iran and the United States have disagreed on the interpretation of that clause, which required Iran to ensure safe passage through the strait; Iran viewed it as affirming its authority over the waterway. The People's Republic of China and Russia are assessed by U.S. officials to be providing support for Iranian targeting of U.S. bases. The United States has conducted additional strikes on transportation infrastructure around Bandar Abbas, Iran, to disrupt supply routes. Iranian officials have threatened a response to any U.S. interference in the Strait of Hormuz.