DALLAS — Financial institutions and workers are moving from traditional Wall Street hubs to Texas, where lower taxes and a new state‑run stock exchange have spurred job growth and investment.
For years, financial firms and their employees have been drawn to the Lone Star State because of low tax rates, lighter regulatory oversight and active recruitment by state leaders. The migration has accelerated, with several large banks establishing new campuses and a state‑created exchange beginning operations in Dallas this summer.
Lenwood Brooks, who previously served as chief of staff at a credit‑union regulator, joined Performance Trust in Dallas after relocating from Washington in 2023. He said the region offers growing opportunities in financial services.
The Texas Stock Exchange began trading in July, securing $275 million from investors including BlackRock, Goldman Sachs and Charles Schwab, and plans to raise an additional $160 million, according to regulatory filings.
Major banks such as Bank of America, Goldman Sachs, Wells Fargo and JPMorgan Chase have opened or expanded campuses in Dallas, Plano and Las Colinas, creating thousands of jobs. JPMorgan Chase reported about 18,500 employees in the Dallas area in 2023, up from roughly 4,000 in 2003, and operates a 50‑acre campus in Plano that opened in 2017.
Employment in finance, insurance and real estate in Dallas rose 23.2 % since February 2020, reaching 317,000 workers, or 10.1 % of total employment, compared with New York City’s 6 % growth and 9.9 % of employment, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
Texas officials, including state Senate Majority Leader Tan Parker, said the shift reflects deliberate policy decisions such as a ban on securities‑transaction taxes and stronger protections for executives, while noting that the state remains in early stages of development.
Technology leaders such as Elon Musk and Joe Lonsdale have also moved to Austin, citing lower costs and no state income tax. Aasem Khalil of Goldman Sachs said taxes are not the primary driver, emphasizing the business culture and ease of doing business in Texas.
The exchange aims to list corporate stocks later this year and begin initial public offerings next year, with a permanent headquarters planned for 2027 in the Bank of America tower. City officials are considering renaming the adjacent street “Exchange Place.”
Residential demand has increased, with finance executives favoring neighborhoods such as Highland Park and University Park, while younger workers rent closer to offices.
Officials say the migration reflects a strategic shift driven by policy and market dynamics, and the long‑term impact on the U.S. financial landscape remains to be seen.

